| Summary points: | A 17-year-old with sickle cell disease presents with a second episode of mental illness that began 4 weeks earlier and is characterised by being talkative, verbal and physical aggression, poor sleep, accusing house help of witchcraft and refusal to eat meals, believing they had been poisoned. This case report details the mental health evaluation, physical examination and laboratory investigations, the diagnosis, and treatment. The authors discuss the factors associated with the patient's mental illness and review the literature on adjustment difficulties among children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions. |