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High Coffee Intake May Lower Type 2 Diabetes Risk
Lancet
11/07/2002
By Harvey McConnell
A high daily intake of coffee appears to be associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, suggest Dutch researchers.
People who drank seven or more cups of coffee a day were 50 percent less likely to develop type-2 diabetes when compared with people who drank coffee less frequently, an average two cups a day or less, reports Dr Rob van Dam and colleagues at the Department of Nutrition and Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
Their findings held, even when confounding factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass, were taken into account.
Coffee is a major source of caffeine and chlorogenic acid, and contains substantial amounts of magnesium and other micronutrients, the researchers note. Metabolic studies show caffeine acutely decreases sensitivity to insulin, but tolerance of caffeine can develop. The phenol chlorogenic acid reduces glucose absorption and oxidative stress in vitro,1 and inhibits hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate, which could reduce glucose output in the liver. Magnesium intake has been associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.
Dr van Dam and colleagues investigated the association between coffee consumption and risk of clinical type 2 diabetes in a cohort of 17,111 Dutch men and women between the age of 30 and 60, randomly selected from the civil registries of Doetinchem and Maastricht. During 125,774 person years of follow-up, 306 new cases of type 2 diabetes were reported among the cohort.
After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals who drank at least seven cups of coffee a day were 0.50 times as likely as those who drank two cups or fewer a day to develop type 2 diabetes, the researchers found.
"In view of the widespread use of coffee and the large health burden of type 2 diabetes, our finding of an inverse association between coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes could have important public-health implications," Dr van Dam and colleagues conclude. "However, possible adverse effects on other health aspects should be considered in the choice to consume coffee."
Lancet 2002; 360: 1477-78.
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